what are the keyboard mappings for the emulator?
For the full list, you should look at this MSDN doc.
The most important (function keys are below)
Computer keyboard key Windows Phone hardware key Notes ESC Not applicable. Disabled. F1 BACK F2 START F3 SEARCH F4 Not applicable. Disabled. F5 Not applicable. Disabled. F6 CAMERA HALF A dedicated camera key that is pressed halfway. Not supported in Visual Studio 2010 Express for Windows Phone. F7 CAMERA FULL A dedicated camera key. Not supported in Visual Studio 2010 Express for Windows Phone. F8 Not applicable. Disabled. F9 VOLUME UP F10 VOLUME DOWN F12 Not applicable. Disabled. PRINT SCREEN POWER Not supported in Visual Studio 2010 Express for Windows Phone. PAUSE/BREAK Not applicable. Enables the hardware keyboard. PAGE UP Not applicable. Enables the hardware keyboard. PAGE DOWN Not applicable. Disables the hardware keyboard. TAB Not applicable. Disabled, except in a multiline text box, if the application supports tabbing. CAPS LOCK Not applicable. Disabled. Windows logo key Not applicable. Disabled. Shows the development computer Start menu. Left CTRL FN Right CTRL SYMBOL (SYM) Left ALT ACCENT The ACCENT key on the device has the ÄÉ symbol on it. Right ALT EMOTICON The EMOTICON key on the device has a smiley face on it. MENU Not applicable. Disabled.